To Kill a Mockingbird chapter 30 summery

Boo came out! after the terrifying events which put Jem with a broken arm, Boo radly had been the one who came to their rescue. scout showed Boo around the house after doing her best to casually acknowledge Mr. Arthur with a "hey, Boo". Atticus thinks that Jem drove the knife into Mr. Ewells chest and begins discussing jems courtcase, but Mr Tate stops him. he says that Jem sure as hell didnt kill Mr. Ewell, and that folks would reward Boo for doing so. he also said that boo doesnt want that kind of attention, and it would be a sin to do so. they decide that Mr Ewell tripped and fell onto his knife. "let the dead burry the dead".

to kill a mocking bird chapter 22

Summery
the Tom Robinson court case ended with tom being guilty. Jem, Dill and Scout are becoming aware racism in their town and dont like what they're beginning to see. African townsfolk gifted the finches with lots of food. the idea of Jem growing in stature as well as mentally reappears when miss Maudie has Jem eat out of the adult cake, whilst scout and dill have their own smaller cakes. Jem was upset when nobody helped tom, but Miss Maudie told him that some people did. Judge taylor gave atticus the case because he felt Tom had a more fair chance of winning with him.


Chapter 23 Summery

Mr ewell threatens and spits into atticuses face. unfazed, he tells the children that he wished MR. Ewell didnt chew. the children are terrified. tom is at a prison 7 miles away where his family cant visit him.
scout decides she wants to invite walter over for dinner one day, but Aunt Alexandria tells scout she cant associate herself with them because theyre of a lower class. jem figures life out. there are only 4 types of people. the finches, the cunninghams who live in the woods, the ewells who are what they eat, little of anything delicious, and africans. he thinks that everyone dislikes the class below their own.
they also create a new proposition, maybe the reason boo always stays inside is because the human race is very disappointing and people kind of suck.

chapter 24 summery

aunt Alexandria is having a missionary tea party and since scout is wearing a dress she was able to accompany Alexandrias compony. dill and jem went skinny dipping, so scout couldn't go with them. mrs. meriweather was kind enough to tell scout that black people need to stop being cranky about things because jesus was never cranky about anything. Tom Robinson was shot 17 times for trying to escape by climbing a fence.

chapter 25 summery

scout finds a roly poly bug and is about to squish it, but jem suddenly feels that she has no right to kill him, so she shouldnt (kinda like tom). dil had gone back to meridian for the school year. toms death was used to reinforce the "foolish black man" stereotype. Mr. underwood wrote a paper to the editor of the news paper about how tom was screwed when mayela screamed because of racism.

chapter 26 summery

scout and jem have to work extra hard to hold their heads up once school started since the children recited the prejudice they overheard at home. scout wonders why everyone reelected atticuss for his job that year if they all dislike him. scout asks why the jews hitlers persecuting dont team up and persecute him since its a many:one ration. scout learns that hating hitler isnt okay, if if it is hitler. scout has a burning question that she cant put into words. after hearing miss gates talk about how it isnt okay for hitler to persecute people, but scout saw her on the Ewell side of the courthouse persecuting tom. jem flipped out when scout asked him this.

chapter 29 Main Ideas

1.the shifting of tectonic plates

2.population is friggin massive

3.places are working on broadening their defenses against geological conflict

4.treaties had been signed, western influence was included. 

5.industrialization leads to globalization 

6.many economies went into recession 

7.people are only allowed to have one child
8.kill everybody
9.they ranked amongst the least developed in the world
10.

Chapter Japan

I)Samurai and Shogan
A)ancient japan
-the ancestors of todays japanese came from siberia and korea
-most of japan was growing food 1,500 yeaers ago
-weapons, tools, and textiles were introduced.
-the yomato clan became the ruling clan
-the leaders called themselves emporers
-the rulers moved to the capitol of heian
-during that period, government was strong
-professional soldiers called samurai served the landowners

B)Shoguns
-the shogan was the general of the emperors army with the powers of a military director
-all officials, judges, and armiews were under his authority
-shogun rule lasted 700 years
- the last shogun resigned in 1868

C) emerging world power
- japan had becom a world power by the 20th century
-on december 7th, the japanese launched a surprise attack of pearl harbor
-that attack brought the U.S. into WWII
-japan was defeated in 1945
-

II)
A)people and Products
-japan has more than 127 million people
-8/10 japenese live on honshu
-japanese minorities often experience discrimination
-manufacturing and trade are at the heart of japans economy
-imports most of its natural resourfces
-coal and petroleum



Summery
samurais and shoguns used to be in powerful positions.
the last shogun retired and turned into the head of the government.
japan became a world powern in 1941
it was defeated in wwII

Chaptor 20

Mr Raymond tells dill and scout that hes not actually a drunk, he just pretends to be so he can give folks a reason for not hating black people like they do.

Chaptor 21

jem doesnt let scout kill the roly-poly
Mr underwood is writing a paper on why tom was doomed from the start as soon as mayela scramed as an atempt to spread the word about racism in maycomb

list of characters:
-Jem
-Scout
-Heck Tate
-Judge Taylor
-Reverend Sykes
-Atticus
-Stephanie Crawford
-Maudie Atkinson
-Mr Ewell
-Dill
-Calpurnia
-Aunt Alexandria


Summery
Jem and Scout were still up in the balcony when Calpurnia deliverd a letter to atticus telling him that his children had been missing all day. when atticuss adressed the court, Mr underwood told him theyd been up in the negro balcony sine eight am that morning. he said they could come back after they ate supper, which was with Calpurnia nagging them for running off like that, said it wasn't fitting for scouts ears.
when they returned, Tom had been declared Guilty. Atticuss left the room unfazed and tiredly hazed. when he met up with his kids, he could see the impact the case had a jem. "just aint right", the ideas of prejudice are too alienate for him to understand and atticuss said that the children are always the ones who weep, which tells us that prejudice is backing up with babysteps at each generation.

Theme
how jem finds racism absurd

literary device
"did it ever strike you that judge taylor naming Atticus to defend that boy was no accident?"
foreshadow and an example of development

chapter 19

Tom Robinson was at the whiteness stand telling everyone his version of the night where Miss Mayella was supposedly taken advantage of. he said that he always saw her on his why home from work; she'd often have odd jobs for him to do. though he had his own chores to do at home, he felt that Mayella put more of an effort into herself than the rest of her family did. he said neither her dad nor the children seemed to help her and he was giving her a hand out of the kindness of his heart.

one night she told Tom she needed him to do something inside the house; the door was creaking and it needed a look. when Tom went inside, the door hinges were fine and when he noticed the lack of kids running around, Miss Mayella told him she had saved up seven nickels so the kids could go out and get some ice cream. Tom said he might as be on his way if she hadn't had any work for him, but he soon found that her interest wasn't solely in his work ethic.

as Tom was standing atop Mayellas chifferobe to grab something from the shelf, she hugged him around his waste and one thing led to another. Tom, being a married man, was not in any hurry to accept her affection and tried to make his way out the door;  just then Mister Ewall poked his head through the window and whilst glaring at Miss Mayella growled "you god damn whore!"
Tom ran as fast as he could to get away, said "if you was a nigger liek me, youd understand why i ran" when asked what the point of running was if he hadent done anything.

1) Why did Shi Huangdi build a wall in northern China?
to keep invaders out

2) How was China governed in its early history?
dynasties

3) What are some achievements China made in its early history?
earliest alchohol makers were in the xia dynasty

4) When did Europeans begin exploration of China?
13th century

5) How was Europe able to gain access to Chinese markets in the 19th century?
chinas week military

6) Which political group has held considerable power in China for the last 50 years?
communist

7) What did the Communist party want for China's economy?


8) Where does China get the resources that fuel the industrial economy?
the manufacturing

9) What item is especially popular as an export to the U.S.
textiles

10) Name two important Chinese inventions?
paper making, gunpowder, printing

11) What are the predominant religions of China?
buddhism, taoism, confucianism

12) What is China's population?
1.347 billion

1) How long is the Great Wall of China?
5,500.3 miles

2) Why was it built? And where does it run from and to?
to keep invaders out
hushan to jiayuguan

3) What are three natural barriers that have limited people's movement in East Asia?
mountains, deserts, and cold climates

4) How large is the Gobi Desert?
500,000 square miles

5) List two plains in Northern China.
north china plain
manchurian plain
 
6) Name three rivers in China.
yellow river
chang jiang
xi jiang

7) Where does the Huang begin and end?
kunlun mountains to the yellow sea

8) How long is the Chang Jiang?
3,900

9) What is the southernmost of the three great river systems of China?
xi jiang

10) What are the natural resources of China?
rice, trees, tungstesn

11) Which countries in East Asia would need to import coal or oil?
southwestern china

12) What effect might natural resources have had on the development of East Asia?
good ones

13) What is a typhoon and where does it occur?
a tropical storm in the indian and western oceans

14) What two words best describe the climates in the higher latitudes of East Asia?

15) Where are most deserts found in East Asia?
dry zones

16) Where are the tropical zones of East Asia found?
northeast coast of china


17) What does typhoon mean in Chinese?  What other type of storm is a typhoon most like?
taaifung, its like a cyclone

chapter 10 theme : in a wold of evil, mockingbirds are one of the few creatures that are wholly good.
literary device "...tate, grinning at jem, "diddnt you know your daddys...?"
            forshadow, jems just learning that atticus can shoot

chapter 10

Jem and Scout think attitcus is old and boring since he doesnt do anything other dads do.
when out shooting things with air rifles, they spy old tim Johnson, the town dog. tims foaming out the mouth, hes got this sickly walk and calpurnia calls the telephone operator to get the word out. when the maycomb sherrif comes down, he ahdns his rifle to atticus saying that he cant shoot and atticus is the deadest shot in maycomb. with that, atticus popped a cap right next to tim's left eye.  

I)Landforms : Mountains and Plateaus

A)Mountain ranges of the region
-the worlds highest mountains are located on the western edge of east asia
-Kunlun Mountains are the source of Huang He and Chang Jiang
-Qinling and Shandi Mountains divide the northern part of china

B)Plateaus and Plains
-landscape is pretty rough
-one plateau is Tibet
-Tarim Pendi
-the gobi desert is 500,000 miles

II)
A)The coast of China
-features several peninsula
 -Shandong
 -Leizhou
 -Macao

B)The Islands of East Asia
-Continental Shelf
-isolation of islands has allowed them to develop greater security
-chinas islands:
Hainan and hongkong
japan is an island nation

III)

A) The Huang He
-the yellow river starts in the Kunlun Mountains
-the sea and river are filled with yellow silt

B)The Chang Jiang
-its the longest river in all of asia
-its been a major trade route since ancient times

C)The XI Jiang
-it runs in the south of china
-it forms an esuary with three other rivers

-JC came her to elucidate the way that we should be

-Molly wrote a succinct letter describing her hatred of ms. lahrman

-underneath that face of ego, there lies a horrible heart

-my father received a subpoena; one attending a case in which Fielding had been using medieval torture devices on the children.

-lil'marco suffered from a fey of brain cells

-Micah has a strange acquiescence of cavity searches

-the putty facade engulfing the school is very un-cool

-the fancy man was rather uncouth

-kara was very confused when she purchased sundry fruit, assuming it was actually going to be sun dried.

-the venerable old man drank away his troubles, but he was immune so, like, he drank a lot of it.

Today we are going to finish the words of the day.  Look over your blogs - and discuss them to see if you are doing them correctly.  We will then read chapter 9, locate the inciting event and answer the following questions:


1) Outline the plot so far
scout, after refusing to disobey attics in his request of not letting what people are saying about him defending a black man get to her. her cousin, francis, was teasing scout, saying the her fathers a "nigger lover" and scout bashed his teeth in.
2) List one theme and write 2-3 scenes from the book that fit that theme
prejudice is a serious problem in maycomb county and scout is just starting to learn that.
*her friends called atticus a "Nigger lover"
*francis called atticus a "nigger lover"
*atticus said he wont win the case simply because tom is a black man

3) Make a list of people Scout fits
francis, dill, Cunningham 
4) Make a list of lessons Scout has learned so far
that you cant really get to know someone until you get inside of their skin, that you dont treat people who arent like you badly

Today we are going to read chapters 7 and  8.  You need to write a blog entry for both.

Chapter 7

When Jem tells Scout about getting his trousers back, he tells her of something strange. What is this? 

that they were stitched and folded

Can you find any evidence that Jem is beginning to understand more than Scout about Boo Radley?

yes

What do you think this is?

hes

Does Jem still fear the gifts in the tree? Give reasons for your answer.

no, he had enough courage to ask mr radley about it.

When the children plan to send a letter to the person who leaves the gifts, they are prevented. How does this happen? Who does it, and why might he do so?

Mr. Avery filled the hole up with cement, possibly because he might think his son is a pedophile due to the fact he carved little soap dolls out of two young children through the shades of his windows. 

UNIT Test Review

UNIT Test Review

1) What are the five sub-regions of Africa?

East, South, West, North, and Central Africa are the five sub regions. 

2) Why is East Africa known as the cradle of humanity?

Oldest fossils of people were found there

3) What were some early civilizations of East Africa? What was their economy based on?

Kliwaa, Askum, and they were trade centers between traditional east and the west. 

4) What was the Berlin Conference? Why - particularly - did it happen?

It was the gathering of European leaders to divide Africa without causing a war. 

5) How did colonization cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?

They didn't know how to govern themselves, ethnic boundaries were broken, and disrupted traditional African government.

6) Why are Liberia and Ethiopia important?

They were the only countries who didn't get colonized and kept their independence. 

7) What are some cash crops of East Africa?

coffee, sugar, and tea

8) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem?

HIV/AIDS

9) Name two ancient empires of North Africa? 

Egypt and Carthage

10) What practices did the world acquire from Ancient Egypt?

geometry and medicine like splints, and bandages.

11) What North Africa countries have had the economies transformed by oil?

Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. 

12) What is Rai?

A music started by urban children in North Africa and turned into a form of rebellion against the Islamic rule.

13) Discuss the changing roles of women in North Africa?

They no longer just stay home and raise the kids, there's no more arranged marriage, there can be divorces, women have equal pay and rights, and men can only have one wife. 

14) Why is Goree Island important?

It was the island where all the slave exports happened. Busiest slave trade port. Open for more than 300 years. 

15) List three trading empires of West Africa? What did the trade?

Mali, Ghana, and Songhai. They traded salt and gold.

16) What is a stateless society? How has West Africa's traditional stateless societies caused problems after colonization?

People there rely on family lineage to govern themselves and they faced problems after colonization because the Europeans wanted them to have one ruler to govern them which took power away from the families. 

17) What are some roadblocks to economic development in West Africa?

The infrastructure of colonialism because it was designed to take resources out of the colony but didn't bring anything back in return.

18) Discuss West African music.

A mix of Jazz, blues, and reggae which influenced western music

19) What is Bantu important?

they moved throughout Africa spreading their language and Culture also linked various areas of the continent. 

20) What was Sao Tome established for?

It was a slave trade post where traders waited for the europeans on the coast. 

21) Who was King Leopold II? Why was he important?

He organized the Berlin Conference and was interested in congo and wanted to open the interior of the congo river for trade. 

22) What are the lasting effects of colonialism in Central Africa?

Borders imposed brought enemy groups together and the Europeans didn't think about ethnic boundaries and disrupted old systems of government. 

23) What major problems does Central Africa have in education?

There is a lack of trained teachers, lack of secondary schools, language barriers, and high dropout rates. 

24) Who ended the apartheid in South Africa?

Nelson Mandela

25) How does modern Johannesburg reflect the problems created by the apartheid?

To Kill A Mockingbird vocabulary

1)    Subpoena; Noun - a write ordering someone to attend court

2)    Fey; adjective, a small number of

3)    Venerable; adjective, according to great deal of respect, especially because of wisdom or character 

4)    Uncouth; adjective, lacking good manors

5)    Sundry;adjective, of various kinds

6)    Begrudge; verb, envy the possession or enjoyment of something 

7)    Elucidate; verb, make something, clear or explained

8)    Acquiescence; noun, the reluctant acceptance of something without protest

9)    Succinct; adjective, briefly and clearly expressed

10) Façade; noun, the face of a building

1) A brief description of what happens in the chapter
jem went running through boo's garden and boo started shooting, thinking jem was a black person

2) One literary element - and what larger meaning it might include

3) List of characters
jem, boo, scout, dill, atticus, miss maudie

4) Part of plot
exposition 

Who is Calpurnia? black woman who works for the finches also she educates the children on life in the black community

 What is her place in the Finch household? cook
What is Walter Cunningham like? hes very poor

 What does his behaviour during lunch suggest about his home life? he never gets to eat syrup
What do you think of the way Atticus treats Walter? he sees him as older than he really is, since he knows so much about farming
Does Scout learn anything from Walter's visit? What do you think this is? yes, she learns not to treats others differently when theyre her guest
Atticus says that you never really understand a person “until you climb into his skin and walk around in it”. What does this mean? Is it an easy thing for Scout to learn? (In the last chapter of the novel, Scout repeats this, but she changes “skin” to “shoes” - this is probably not a mistake: Harper Lee suggests that Scout cannot clearly recall exactly what Atticus said and when, but the reader can check this!) 

he's talking about how situations can mean many different things epending on the point of view

its not easy for scout to lear, shes not old enough to really understand the concept.
What do you learn in this chapter about the Ewells? theyre very poor as well and pretty mean.

HOMEWORK: Read chapter 4 and keep a reading journal.

Starting with chapter 4, students will keep a reading that will include the following:

1) A brief description of what happens in the chapter

scout finds chewing gum and indian pennies wraped up in tinfoil by a tree.

scout and jem were playing in the street and ended up in the radleys yard.

they began acting out boo-radley's life

2) One literary element - and what larger meaning it might include

boo radley laughing is a forshadow

3) List of characters -jem, scout, atticus, calpurnia

4) Part of plot

exposition

What do you learn in this chapter about Maycomb, Atticus Finch and his family?
-may comb is a small town thats heavily influenced by the south, atticus and his family are poor men

What do you learn about Dill's character?
-hes smart and can read surprisingly well for his age

What, briefly, has happened to Arthur “Boo” Radley.
-he went kind of crazy due to lots of isolation and stabbed his dad

Why does the Radley place fascinate Scout, Jem and Dill?
-because its full of mystique and the gifts of man/lady-hood

What do you notice about the narrative voice and viewpoint in the novel?
-its in the point of view of scout as an older lady

) What were some early civilizations in East Africa?  Why were these civilizations important?

-the masai and the kikuyu

they are the two largest

2) What happened at the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?

Eu leaders sat down and decided how they were going to steal africas land

3) What African countries managed to remain free of European control?

Ethiopia and Liberia

4) How did colonialism cause conflicts in East Africa after independence?

British rule hadent prepared Africans for freedom

5) How did Ethiopia manage to defeat Italy in 1896?

6) What are some cash crops of East Africa?

Coffee and sugar

7) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem.

Aids and hiv

8) Research the Rwanda massacre (genocide?) and briefly discuss what happened and why.

War between the hutu and the tutsi. Hutu went about slaughtering and raping all titsu after one of their planes were shot down.

Revise each of the following sentences for parallel structure.

    The best music is loud, fun, and you can dance to it.
    Tomorrow afternoon I will shop for groceries, eat lunch with my brother, and be running all sorts of errands.
    That book we read for class was really long, wordy, and didn’t make any sense.

First what is parallel structure (review):

1.) The best music is loud, fun, and groovy.

2.) Tomorrow afternoon I will shop for groceries, eat lunch with my brother, and run all sorts of errands.

3.)the book we read for class didn't make any sense; it was really long and very wordy. 

The Collective Subconscious

The collective subconscious is, theoretically, an invisible energy source much like electricity or electromagnetic waves. Jesus called it “the holy spirit”, Lucas Arts called it the force, it could be responsible for the drive that caused uncivilized humans all over the world to begin developing languages and communication at around the same time. Like dark matter, we can’t see the Collective Subconscious with our eyes, nor do we have the scientific equipment to detect it; but we can see the effects it’s had on civilizations for thousands of years.

A thriving city like Rome wasn’t built in a day, and their people didn’t just happen to all be so ahead of their time that they were able to revolutionize religion, government, philosophy and everything else they achieved. Benjamin Franklin and Nikola Tesla had the same potential any one else in their era had, so why them? Drive, intuition, motivation, whatever you call it, it all comes back to inspiration and the Collective Subconscious, and it does not discriminate. The more in tune you are with the ideas of connection and the spiritual mind, the higher the chance you’ll get that inspiration and drive to follow through with the potential to do almost anything, including revolutionizing the world and how we perceive all we see.

theres this idea, where the connections we share between one another; as well as with the environment come together without us even being aware that its happening. this idea is as vast as the galaxies and has the potential to drive us towards mutual connections and thoughts subconsciously, as if we were having a conversation between from one brain to another with no words, or any kind of interaction at all.
this idea is known as, "the Collective Subconscious"

Chapter 18 Section 2

Climate and vegetation
pg.420

I) A Warm Continent
Africa almost completely lies between the tropic of cancer and the tropic od capricorn

A)The Deserts
-Kalahari and Namib
-Sahara lies in north africa and is the largest in the world
     a)3,000x12000 miles
-temperatures rise above 130 degrees in the summer
-in winter temperatures fall below freezing
-  20% of the Sahara consist of sand
-travel is risky because of extrme conditions
-6000 feet under dry land lies aquifers
-an oasis is an aquifer that's breached the sand 

B)The Tropics
-africa has the largest tropical area of any continant
-a town in ethiopia holds the record for highest average annual temperature of 93.9 degrees f
-night and day difference tend to be larger than seasional differences

II)Sunshine and Rainfall
pg. 421

-rainfall is matter of extremeity

A)Rainfall Patterns
-rain forests in central africa recieve the most rainfall
-africas tropical ssavanna stretches through the middle of the continant
-the closer an area is to the equator, the more rain it receives
-the closer an area is to the desert, the longer its dry season
-

B) Africas Moderate areas
-mediterranean climate exists on the northern and southern tips of the continant
-

III) A Grassy Continant
pg.422

-africas vegetation almost mirrors its climate

A)TRopical Grasslands
-Grassland covers most of the continant
-Serengeti plain in northen tanzania
-some of the grass can grow taller than the average human
-abundance of grass makes serengetti ideal for grazing animals
-

IV)Africas Extremes
pg.422

A)Rain Forests
-Major rainforest in africa sits on the congo basin
-600+ trees are found there
-home to hundreds of bird species
-massive plants and trees block out the sunlught
-the air underneath the vegation is hot and moist
-vegatation decays quickly
-most animals live in the canopy
-the canopy refers to the uppermost layer of branches
-large numbers of snakes, birds, and foxes live here
-Slash and burn agriculture is killing the forest

VI) Varieties of Plantlife
-North africa contains sizable oak
-Mangrove trees of west africa
-they help build up dry land by hoding silt
-




Summery
Africa has many diverse vegatation and a warm climate. there are large desserts and tropical forests, as well as thousands of different species that live there 

Africa Assessment questions

1, Places and terms
-basis are found around the Plateau
-egypt
-east africa
-tanzania
-southern Africa

2, Taking notes
Africa has very distinctive landforms that vary from the volcanic mountains of Kilimanjaro to the rift vally and tropical rainforests.

africa has plentiful resources of oil and minerals
including gold and plutonium

3,
a - because a large plateau covers most of Africa
b - mountains, rift valley, fresh water lakes, tropical rainforests
c - because Africas people lack the industrial growth to prosper 

CHapter 18 Section 1
I) a Vast Plateau  pg.415
-africas shape is a result of Pangea

A) Africa's Plataea
-a huge plateau  
-most of the plateau lies at least 1,000 above sea level
-africa is the worlds second largest continant
-the platue is its most prominant feature

B)Basins and Rivers
-several basins are found throughout this plataeu
-each basin spans more than 625x5000
-WAter collects in the chad basin and flows through the sudan, congo, and djouf basins
-the worlds largest river, the Nile, is located in egypt
-water has provided irrigation for thousands of years
-95+% of egyptions rely geavily on the river
-its pop densisty is roughly 3,320 people per square mile
-africas rivers contain many waterfalls, rivers, and gorges
-congo river is 2,900 miles long
-series of 32 caracts make some places impassible

II)Distinctive African Landforms pg.416
-Africas valleys and lakes add to the continents varied landscape

A)Rift Valleys and Lakes
-Most distinctive landforms are in east africa
-huge cracks appeared in the earth due to continental plates drifting apart
-the land sank to form "Rift Valleys"
-Rift Valleys stretch over 4,000 miles from Jordan to Southwest Asia
-lake Tanganyika is the longest freshwater lake in the world and stretches 420x4,7000
-africas largest lake is lake Victoria, which is the wolrds second longest freshwater lake, but is only 270 feet deep

B)Mountains
-Mainly Volcaninc
-mount Kilimanjaro is africas highest mountain and is also volcanic
-volcanic activity created the Ethiopeon Highlands
-an Escarpment is a steep slope with a nearly flat plataeu on the top

III)Africas Wealth of Resources pg.417
-africas resources are both stories of scarce and plenty
africa has a huge amount of resources, but the people lack the industrial base and money to develope them

a)A wealth of minerals
-one of the worlds richest continents in terms of sourcess
-large amounts of plutonium, gold, chromium, cobalt, copper, phosphates, diamonds, etc
-south africa is th ewolrds largest source of chrommium
-south africa produces nearly 80% of the worlds platonium
-30% of the worlds gold reserves
-produce about 50% of the worlds cobalt, mostly in the congo
-ores and minerals acount for over half of africas exports
-however, this has not granted economic prosparity for africas people

B)OIL Resources
-Nigeria, Libya, Algeria, and Angola are Africas leading pertroleum producers
-they combine to produce about a tenth of the worlds oil
-American oil componys pay Angola a fee for drilling rights and oil

IV)Diversity of Resources pg.418

A)Major Commodities
-coffee is the second most profitable commodotie in africa 
-lumber is another large Commodity
-every year loggers clear twice the size of new joursys worth of lumber


Summery
Africa is very large and has Diverse geogrophy, including the worlds largest fresh water lakes.
Africa has lots of Resources, but lack the means of developing them

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