Outline for Chapter 13 Section 2

Western Europe
Hook: France and Germany have long had deep rivalry, based in part by Cultural Difference.

I) A History of Cultural Divisions

1) France and Germany are the dominant countries in Western Europe
2) best access to ports and trade routes

  A) Rome to Charlemagne

1) Roman Empire had Conquered the Celtic tribes by 50 B.C.E
2) French is one of the Romance languages from Latin
3) In the late 700's Charlemagne, a Germanic king, conquered most of the region
4) His empire fell apart after his death

  B) The Reformation

1) A religious movement where people questioned the authority of the church during the renaissance
2) In 1517 Martin Luther published 95 statements the criticized church practices he believed were wrong  
3) Christians Broke away from the catholic church and startedProtestant churches.
4) Mutual hostility led to catholics and protestants to fight religious wars that tore apart Europe.
5) Today France is mostly Catholic.

  II) The Rise of Nation-States

  A) Nationalism
1) Feudalism gradually grew in Europe centuries after rome fell.
    a) Feudalism - political system where powerful lords owned most of the land.
2) nationalism - the belief that people should be loyal to their nation.
3) the french revolution started in 1789
4) nation-states of Europe became strong rivals due to Napoleon's defeat in conquering Europe.
5) GERMANY DIDNT UNIFY AS A NATION UNTIL 1871
 6) WESTERN EUROPE EXPERIENCED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH IN THE 1800'S

 B) MODERN CONFLICTS

1) COMPETITION FOR COLONIES LED TO WORLD WAR 1
2) THE ALLIED POWERS BEAT THE CENTRAL POWERS
3) GERMAN RESENTMENT TOWARDS THE HARSH TERMS LED TO WORLD WAR 2
4) THE GERENS WERE LED BY ADOLF HITLER
    a) THE HOLOCAUST WAS BAAAAAAD
5) GERMANY WAS DEFEATED IN 1945
6) AFTER THE WAR GERMANY SPLIT INTO TWO SIDES,
     a) WEST GERMANY WAS ALLIED WITH THE AMERICAS AND EUROPE
   b) EAST GERMANY WAS ALLIED WITH THE SOVIET COMMY BASTARDS
7) THE CAPITOL CITY OF BERLIN WAS DIVIDED BY A BIG FRIGGIN' WALL
8) ANTI COMMUNISTS KICKED DOWN THE WALL IN 1989
9) THE TWO GERMANYS REUNITED IN 1990 UNDER DEMOCRATIC RULE

  III) ECONOMICS, DIVERSITY AND LUXERY 

A) AGRICULTURE TO HIGH TECH

1) DAIRY FARMING AND LIVESTOCK PROVIDE MOST OF AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN BELGIUM, FRANCE, NETHERLANDS, AND SWITZERLAND

2)WESTERN EUROPE WAS A LEADER IN DEVELOPMENT BECAUSE IT WAS RICH IN COAL AND IRON ORE
3) THE REGION CURRENTLY HAS THREE OF EUROPE'S TOP MANUFACTURING NATIONS, FRANCE, GERMANY, AND THE NETHERLANDS
4) HIGH-TECH AND SERVICE INDUSRTYS ARE ALSO VERY IMPORANT
5) FRANCE RELIES HEAVILY ON NUCLEAR PLANTS BECAUE THEY PRODUCE 80 PERCENT OF ITS ELECTRICITY

B) TOURISM AND LUXURY

1)WESTERN EUROPE IS POPOULAR AMONGST TOURISTS BECAUSE IT HAS A MILD CLIMATE, VAIRE SCENERY, AND HISTORIC SITES.
2) FRANCE IS FAMOUS FOR ITS HIGH FASHION
3) NETHERLANDS EXPORTS STUFF LIKE COLORFUL TULIP LIGHTBULBS

IIII) GREAT MUSIC AND ART

A) MUSIC

1)GERMANY AND AUSTRIA ARE FAMOUS FOR MUSIC
2) BACH WAS GERMAN
3)SO WAS BEHTOVEN
4) MOZART WAS AUSTRIAN

 B. Painting        1. Many great painters come from France and the Netherlands.        2. Jan Van Eyck painter from Flanders        3. Jan Vermeer and Rembrandt  were Dutch painters who painted realistically        4. French painters Claude Monet, Paul Cezanne, and Paul Gauguin paved way for modern art
V. Modern Life
Since Western Europe has a strong economy many people enjoy a high living standard and can afford material goods such as cars.
      A. City Life        1. Most Western European cities have good public transit, cultural attractions and crime rates are          lower than the US.        2. Europeans live in smaller homes than Americans do so they socialize in public places.        3. Western Europe gets more paid vacation time than the US so they can leave the city and go hiking, biking, or skiing.
      B. Recent Conflicts        1. Immigration has caused conflict        2. After German economy declined some of them blamed immigrants        3. Former Austrian leader made remarks defending the Nazis, immigrants feared racist political rebirth